Shomirza Turdimov
Pulat Usmanov

UZBEK JANG SANATI

Introduction

Ancient terms of the Uzbek jang sanati: martial art, art of hand, Sufi martial art, secret art, «Thousand Soldiers» martial art.
Modern directions of the Uzbek jang sanati: combat, sword and shield fight, horsemanship (horseback archery, spear shooting, javelin throwing, running with a sword, carrying a goat carcass to the finish line at high speed), “Assalom Tong ” («Good morning») — fitness exercises, «Matonat» direction (The Path of Perserverance — for people with disabilities).
Founders of the martial art: Alp Er Tonga (Afrosiyob), Alpomish, Jaloliddin, Temur Malik, Amir Temur, Bobur Mirzo.
«Jaloliddin Manguberdi» «Bobur Mirzo»
1. The beginning of the Uzbek jang sanati: Martial arts and folk dances: lazgi, beshkarsak, knife dance, sword dance
The Uzbek jang sanati is an original value and national sport that we inherited from ancient ancestors, and an important factor for ensuring physical and spiritual maturity of a person. It is considered one of the important directions that serve the socio-economic development of the country and the advancement of society.
Uzbek jang sanati has its origins, roots, and its own ways of development. According to historical sources, pre-hunting games and exercises were performed to ask for Creator’s help, and to ensure mental and physical training of warriors, while post battle exercise and dances were performed in the form of a ritual of thankfulness. In the process of this game, primitive people learned how to easily approach the prey, they would put on a mask, took on the form of an animal, and perform actions imitating the animal behavior1. Researchers sutgdying the origins of popular imitation dances such as «Snake hunting stork» and ancient dances such as «Stork», «Kichkinajon», «Kadi Badbakht», «Beshkarsak», «Lazgi», «Game of Stick», they tend to interpret these dances asd ancient hunting dances link them to their rituals.2 The system of martial arts methods and exercises shaped based on these hunting activities. Art critic professor M.Kadyrov’s following insights are particularly noteworthy: «So far the prevailing premise has been that Uzbek people
1 Shofayziev SH.M, Usmanov P.A, Qodirov E.I. «O’zbek jang san’ati» sportchilarini tayyorlash uslubiyati. ILMIY TEXNIKA AXBOROTI — PRESS NASHRIYOTI, 2018. Page 11.
2 Qodirov M.X. O’zbek xalq tamosha sa’ati.Tasshkent. “Ukituvchi”, 1981,223 b. pages 26-27
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have never had war dances,and even if they had, these dances were not preserved. From now on, we can argue with confidence that our people had amazing war dances. The «knife game» as we know it, is a real war dance that showcases agility, courage and bravery. Games played with swords, spears, and sticks are also among such war dances.3 Scientists link the history of «Lazgi», «Beshkarsak», «Davra dance», «Andijan dance» with ancient war dances4. Several studies link the roots of martial arts with folk games. “Dance games involving various martial arts would be organized before military campaigns. They would involve mainly young boys, and to perform the dance movements one would need dexterity, agility and skills. Fencing, knife fighting, stone throwing and archery were also attached great importance. Games such as «Hurkach», organized in Samarkand, were very popular in ancient times.
2. The history of the Uzbek jang sanati in oral and written sources
All types of folk art reflect various aspects and roots of martial art. And several examples of oral folklore showcase famous figures, images, methods and manifestations of this martial art. «Alpomish» and «Gurugly”, which are the classic examples of the Uzbek folk heroic epics, present the characters of Alpomish and Gurugly as hero-warriors. The real image of the hero-warrior, the people’s ideal, is primarily reflected through the hero’s fight for justice, the bright future and prosperity of his people. In his battle for Barchin, Alpomish defeated ninety giants of the Kashal country in archery and wrestling and single-handedly defeated the army of Toychikhan. The fact that Gurugly fought alone against countless enemy armies, that he was an incomparable swordsman, spearman and archer, has been glorified in the epics. «The Childhood of Gurugly» epic recounts that Gurugly was trained in battle and fighting secrets by Er Khizir — the master of sufis, bakhshis, heros and warriors5. «Kholdorkhan» is an epic full of recounts of battle, fighting methods and types. The fact that Gurugly’s assistant giants Khasan Kolbar and Khasan Chopson defeated the famous wrestlers of the rival army in a one-on-one wrestling fight is a proof of our premise. It is hard to imagine the Uzbek epic without battle. It vividly shows that the martial art has been in the genetic memory of the people since ancient times and serves as an example of artistic images of the roots of Uzbek jang sanati.
3. Uzbek jang sanati is a tool for facilitating personal development
In Uzbek jang sanati, a warrior is a person who has entered the path of truth and perfection. Along this path, martial art is understood as a means to achieve a high state of harmonious development through training of the soul and body. This
3 Qodirov M.X. O’zbek xalq tamosha san’ati.Toshkent. “Ukituvchi”, 1981, 223 b, page 28.
4 Shofayziev SH.M, Usmanov P.A, Qodirov E.I. «O’zbek jang san’ati» sportchilarini tayyorlash uslubiyati. ILMIY TEXNIKA AXBOROTI — PRESS Printing company, 2018. Page 12.
5Go’ro’g’lining bolaligi. O’zbek xalq ijodi yodgorliklari, volume 22. Tashkent: Gafur Gulam Publishing House 2023, pages 69-70.
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belief has been the primary core rule for martial arts. However, in recent times, the misconception has spread among public that martial arts is only a physical exercise. The popularization of martial arts movies in the 20th century has been the cause for the rise and spread of this view. The slogan that martial arts serve human perfection has survived only within traditional martial arts schools and teachers. In this regard, the true image of Uzbek jang sanati is related to martial arts masters and their philosophical teachings.
Holy books say that the knowledge of prayer, medicine, and physical exercises was first described in the revelation that came during the times of the Prophet Sheeth6. It is well-known to the world medicine that kinesitherapy is described in detail in the works of Ibn Sina (Avicenna) the master of Eastern medicine. Therefore, hereinabove we have learnt that this knowledge has been preserved among all peoples in various forms: myths, rituals, dances, folktales, and various forms of martial arts.
«A meeting on inclusion of the Uzbek jang sanati in the list of national intangible cultural heritage»
Khusain Voyiz Koshifiy in his book «Futuvvatnomai Sultoni» described in detail the life and activities of the futuvvat people, the representatives of one of the classic systems of martial arts practiced by our people throughout history. The author describes the guidelines, covenants and rules of the futuvvat people, their dress code, customs, and the teacher-student relationship, rules and conditions, the teacher’s guidance program for his student, and the student’s manners and behavior. It shows that the essence of youth courage is to be ready to sacrifice one’s life for the sake of good cause, to have self-sacrificing heart. It also shows that this belief has been an ancient rule of representatives of martial arts7.
Chapter 7 of Khusain Voyiz Koshifiy’s book describes in detail the martial arts weapons, their qualities and methods of use. The author describes each of the weapons used by representatives of martial arts by a separate handle – 1. Sword handle, 2. Shield handle, 3. Mace handle, 4. War bow handle, 5. Hammer handle, 6. Knife, ax handle.
Khusain Voyiz Koshifiy’s book «Futuvvatnomai Sultoni» is one of the ancient books written about the martial art of our people, and it is extremely valuable as a rare example which depicts the essence of the martial art.
4. The history of the Uzbek jang sanati during the reign of Amir Temur (Tamerlane)
The most perfect form of Uzbek jang sanati can be seen more vividly in the example of the system and philosophy of «Thousand Soldiers» martial art, which dates back to the times Amir Temur. This updated system of wrestling combines the best, perfect movements of Temurid fighting methods. Any kingdom rests on the
6Saparboy Kushkarov, Ulugbek Kushkarov. Nursafardiya Sufi jang sanati. First book, Tashkent, 2003.
7 Husayin Voyiz Koshifiy. “Futuvvatnomai sultoniy”- page 6
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foundation of reason, justice, and strength. The power of the kingdom is manifested in courageous and brave soldiers in the first place. Amir Temur singled out the three hundred and thirteen special soldiers who formed the core his army: «…I gathered around me three hundred and thirteen noble, brave and intelligent young men. They were untied as if they were one. All of them had the same goals, aspirations, words and deeds. Should they decide to do something, they would not give up until they finished the job”8. In his “Tuzug” (Canons) Amir Temur described for several times the incomparable bravery of these selected warriors «… they were the masters of intelligence, lions of the party, skilful commanders, the people who broke the army lines to inflict total defeat.»9 By the order of Tamerlane, one hundred of them were appointed as unbashi (commander of ten soldiers), one hundred as yuzbashi (commander of a hundred soldiers), one hundred as mingbashi (commander of a thousand soldiers), twelve were appointed as emirs, and one as Amir ul-Umaro10.
«Amir Temur» (Tamerlane)
Historians have recorded several examples of how Amir Temur defeated large armies of his enemies with a small number of soldiers and seized fortresses. The secret of the amazing efficiency of Amir Temur’s soldiers was in the shrewdness of the commander, and in the strength and confidence of the soldiers. In order to gain power, one must master the science that gives power. Amir Temur mastered this science in the first place. Recalling the time when he escaped from Alibek’s captivity at the beginning of his glorious campaign he said: «Taking advantage of my strong and agile wrists I grabbed the sword from one of the guards and attacked them, which made them all flee.» 11 How skilled a warrior must be to grab an alert guard’s sword and chase away an entire company in one blow being unarmed captive? Hands do not become agile and strong by themselves. Strength is created by the science of strength; it is linked to skill. The kingdoms fall only to a commander who can master the science of power. Since Amir Temur established a kingdom, and his friend and rivals recognized the strength of his army, he and his army had to be aware of the science of power. At the same time, if we recall that it was forbidden to teach the science of power to strangers, and that tradition dictated imparting knowledge from father to son, from teacher to student alone, we can make sure that the memory of the people and the memory of blood (genetic memory) can give more information than looking for manuscript sources (international victories of Uzbek wrestlers and boxers, as well as representatives of martial arts is build on the memory of blood).
«The compatibility of the three rings symbol on Amir Temur’s flag with the shape of a peacock»
8 “Темир тузиклариЭ. Under the editorship of Boriboi Akhmedov. Tashkent. 1991. Gafur Gulam publishing association. Translation from Persian: A. Soguny, F. Karomatov. Page 92.
9Same century. Page 78
10Same century. Page 78
11 Same century. Page 22.
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The arsenal of Amir Temur’s soldiers rested on the philosophical and mythological basics of «Thousand Soldiers» martial art, which gives one soldier the power of a thousand. It is well aligned with the law of existence, a strict system of science and practice. According to Usta Madju, the actual master of «Thousand Soldiers» martial art,12: «The martial art consists of three amulets (rings), thirty-three paths, and one whole system. Each path has its own methods. If calculated, there will be exactly one thousand paths. If a person learns these thousand paths, he will become an indomitable force equal to «Thousand Soldiers» and a support for any kingdom”. He will have a status of a thousand soldiers. A mad force that is not subject to reason can cause havoc. Our ancestors were well aware of the damage caused by this dangerous evil. For this reason, they trained their body and soul in harmony and alignment. The «Thousand Soldiers» martial art system is a perfect manifestation of this harmony. Note: three rings – 1st — dawn, 2nd — noon, 3rd — dusk. The location of the amulet (rings) also aligns with the image of three rings on Amir Temur’s flag. The thirty-three paths are placed one by one around these three rings at intervals of time from sunrise to sunset.
Order of the «Thousand Soldiers» battle paths: 1. Peacock Dawn. 2. Wind Sword. 3. Game of Soldiers (1). 4. Winged Knife. 5. Top Eye. 6. Game of Shadows (1). 7. Wild Horse. 8. Double Stick. 9. Game of Weapons (1). 10. Path of Fire. 11. Game of Soldiers (2). 12. Scorpio Protection. 13. Shining Sword. 14. Magic Wand. 15. Peregrine Falcon. 16. Invincible Scepter. 17. Savage weapon is a weapon of oppression — a weapon of revenge. 18. Poisonous Spear. 19. Fire Barkhan. 20. Golden Weapon. 21. Double Sword. 22. Wolf Hunting. 23. Soldier Game (3). 24. Lightning Sword. 25. Game of Weapons (2). 26. Forty Legs. 27. Iron Elbow. 28. Game of Shadows (2). 29. Flying Dagger. 30. Belt Sword. 31. Game of Soldiers (4). 32. Wrath of the Dragon. 33. Tortoise — an Iron Shield.
«Day, noon, and night exercises disaggregated by time»
It is not by chance that the first of the «Thousand Soldiers» martial art methods is called «Peacock Dawn». A soldier with eyes full of blood, obsessed with battle day and night, can easily destroy each and everyone without picking innocent or guilty. The «Peacock Dawn» exercise calms the soldier down and clears his mind. It awakens a feeling of unity with the whole being. The soldier is attuned to existence. In a word, every soldier turns into a peacock — a bird of paradise. The following exercises were built on this foundation of calmness, and a soldier while climbing up the ladder of exercises would gain inexhaustible power when reached the thirty-second exercise «Wrath of the Dragon”. A soldier mastering the last exercise, the
12 Masharip (Mashrab) Jumaniyazov — (Master Madju). According to Madju, his forefathers — the generation of «Uchar Juma» passed the secrets of this science from generation to generation and kept it to this day.
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soldier who took possession of the “Tortoise — an Iron Shield” would concentrate one’s strength in his body and soul, built a fortress around oneself, aware of each and every step, and went to sleep as a quiet, wise hero, who would not give one’s opponent the slightest chance for success.
By the time of Amir Temur, the «Thousand Soldiers» martial art became popular. Amir Temir also paid special attention to how many combat methods the candidates had mastered before appointing unbashis, yuzbashis, mingbashis, and emirs. Warriors who mastered the «Thousand Soldiers» fighting method and showed courage would be awarded with a golden weapon ten fists long, as thick as the horse’s eye, and weighing five kilos. With this weapon, one would defend against any attack and defeat any warrior. Because the master of the thousand methods would acquire a magical power. The warrior’s lineage, place of birth, and bravery would be written on it. Gold is an empowering mineral. The golden weapon would put the warrior in the position of a peacock. The peacock does not get angry. Although it has such a beauty, it walks slowly. A warrior also masters the situation when he is calm, grounded and composed. That is the magical power of the golden weapon. «Thousand Soldiers» martial art exercises, which are performed on a mass basis, are in harmony with the nature and actions of the peacock, which make up the basis of this art. If you pay attention: the peacock shows its beauty by spreading its feathers, carefully checking around, and it is a metaphor for the attack of the enemy’s company and the battle of a thousand soldiers under the leadership of their commander. The reason why the ancient Turkic martial art is called «Thousand Soldiers» is not only the fact that it has a thousand fighting methods, but it is a sign that one soldier can master a thousand methods and become a thousand soldiers. Those who new one technique were called a soldier. Those who knew ten techniques were called ten soldiers, those who knew a hundred techniques were called one hundred soldiers, and those who knew a thousand techniques were called a thousand soldiers. «Thousand soldiers» fighting methods are not only a way to fight, but also exercises for good health, physical and mental strength. A person regularly performing these exercises would be healthy and live a long life. He would purify one’s blood and raise one’s soul to the stages of maturity. Therefore, it is necessary to fully restore and popularize the techniques of the «Thousand Soldiers» martial art today for the health and spiritual growth of the people and generations.
5. The Uzbek jang sanati and other sports.
We can observe the basics of the Uzbek jang sanati and its aspects harmonious with traditional Uzbek wrestling methods. In particular, the fighting method of Uzbek kurash is close to the Uzbek martial art even by its name. Wrestling is a test of strength, competition between two opponents with strict adherence to certain traditional rules. It requires from opponents to employ various techniques using hands, chest, head, feet to throw the opponent on his back. There are two types of wrestling among Uzbeks. One is contest (Fergana style), the other is tripping (Bukhara style). While the techniques used in competitions and demo fights are
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similar to those of martial arts, the Uzbek jang sanati is closely related to combat martial arts. Wrestling is for everyone, and Martial art is a high level exercise that can only be mastered by the elite, that is, a person who has matured in all aspects. Balancing on nine stones arranged in a circle while carrying stones of different weights. Improve fighting techniques on nine stones with swords, sticks and other weapons. Stone lifting. Throwing stones in different positions — back, to the side, down. Performing exercises with a stone tied to a rope to develop speed and strengthen shoulder strength. Upright and horseback archery. Regular repetition of the horseriding and kupkari sports techniques. The «Uzbek jang sanati» combines all of these.
6. Sufi martial art, art of hand, secret art as a branch of the Uzbek jang sanati
Several directions of the «Uzbek jang sanati»: Sufi martial art, art of hand, secret art are the foundations of the Uzbek jang sanati. In particular, Sufi martial art is reflected in the following 5 directions.
1. A human being is such a perfect creature that his physical, intellectual and spiritual possibilities are unlimited. Sufi martial art is based on the principles of perfect functioning of this mechanism. This essence is also the most important aspect for martial arts. A Sufi transforms state into situation. The force that transforms state into situation, that is, a tool that achieves the balance of positive and negative energy, is martial arts. In relation to martial arts, Sufism is distinguished by showcasing its inward appearance.
The first and highest manifestation of Sufi martial arts is the achievement by person of ability to create a power system around oneself that is inaccessible to others and repels any influence and peril. The main goal of practicing martial arts is that a person can create a fighting system at an abstract energetic level. For example, if a person is approaching you with ire, he will be shocked to come across with the fight and blows in your abstract state. Goes into panicking under your blows. He may not understand exactly why he had stopped, but his soul feels it. Ultimately, he stops and loses the desire to attack you. This is the main way to fight. There is no need to hit with your hands here. Creating such an abstract martial art system in the body is the first stage, that is, the top level.
The second stage is on when the opponent does not stop. It activates by releasing the emotional process from the organism. Simply put, the battle of words begins. This system demonstrates the art of defeating the opponent with words and thoughts, and not by yelling or threatening. That is to say, by positively affecting the fourteen power centers in the human body, it is possible to demoralize the opponent. Imagine a man attacking you with a knife. It would be unreasonable to face him directly. But there are ways to repel the threat by staying at a certain distance and under the influence of power. At this point, the opponent is calmed or disarmed by hitting a blow to corresponding point as if it was a punch. In general, it is possible to knock him unconscious. It depends on the strength of the power, the intention.
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The third stage: the lowest, most undesirable state — direct combat. The method activate the internal power system in the body and brings it to a physical state. It employs techniques that do not cause excessive damage to the opponent. However, when it is life or death situation, the Teacher instructs his student as follows: «Strike in such a way that your opponent does not feel this blow. Let him come out of the battle thinking that he had defeated you. But once he reaches his destination and goes to sleep, he should never wake up again.» This also shows the level of perfection. This perfect inner power system is present in the Sufis at the level of state.
At the same time, the Sufi martial arts creates an immune system — protection against negative energy systems affecting a person from the environment. As long as we live on earth in a certain society, among people, whether we like it or not, we come across many people. Knowingly and unknowingly, we become an obstacle to millions of negative information processes. First of all, the system of Sufi martial arts creates a protective immune system in the human body, which can be a shield against this negative energy system.
— I was dancing. My movements were very elegant. An enemy appeared before me. He attacked suddenly. I kept dancing. All of a sudden my enemy’s head was lying at my feet. It never distracted me. I kept doing what I enjoyed. These actions are embodied in the «Uzbek jang sanati».
This is why the Sufis say: «I will become wise without going out into the street, I will become a warrior without going into battle.» His power lies in the fact that he can generate a high level of inner, spiritual power and can control and use this power.
Many martial arts systems focus on using various equipment to overcome external resistance, performing exercises such as lifting heavy stones, and thus strengthening the body. In the Sufi martial art, an attempt is made to create a system of opposition in the inner state of a person. It means that a Sufi creates a power system that overcomes the contradiction within himself, and in exchange for the product of struggle in this process brings the organism to a very strong state. This strength makes a Sufi able to withstand long, heavy exercises and repel strong blows. In a word, the totality of the internal power system makes up the Sufi’s energetic shield and weapon.
In the Sufi martial art, the Teacher awakens the inner layer of the martial system in his student. The Teacher says: «You should never train the body to move in certain patterns, but instead train it in such a way that movements are born.» The Sufi martial art is focused on creating action by activating the body’s internal power system and receiving information. A person who has mastered the Sufi martial art performs such actions that even he himself can be surprised.
The power form of movement is the next stage, and the perfect principles of the warrior worldview allow it to emerge. The physical form of movement has special striking techniques as in other martial arts systems.
In fact, the highest stage — the divine form of movement includes the following stages — energetic and physical form of movement. But the lower-level system does
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not have an upgrade program. There are three interrelated special training systems that enable the Sufi to maintain his divine form of movement. These are: ball system, rope system, stick system and combat systems.
Masters
A static process-rope system enables internal power to be placed on exposed power systems.
The dynamics process – stick system makes use of the internal power system assembled in the plastic process.
If any part of this whole chain is left out during the exercises, the person may be in a difficult situation. Watching the student performing the rope exercises without knowing about the ball and stick system, the teacher reprimands him as follows: «You are performing static exercises. The static accumulates great strength in you. Tomorrow you will not be able to use this strength. It might kill you. First, work with this ball and only then with the rope. Then a perfect system will be created.” The ways and methods of mobilizing a person’s inner power, connecting it with a higher power, and bringing it to the status of divine action are only available in the Sufi martial art system. In the Sufi martial art, zikr (concentrating through prayer and gathering strength through spiritual purification) is said to mean a pure jewel. Zikr is an important tool for a warrior to awaken his inner strength and mobilize it. One of the different aspects of the battle martial art from other systems is that it has a perfect system of zikr.
The next meeting on the development of national sports. The building of the Ministry of Sports of the Republic of Uzbekistan
7. THE ART OF HAND. The Uzbek Art of Hand, a unique form of Uzbek jang sanati, includes three and a half thousand defense and hand strikes, and these techniques have been passed down from generation to generation, from teacher to student. Due to the prohibition of drawing portraits in Islam, the books did not show the techniques performed by humans, and the teacher only taught them by showing them in live action. The famous sambo master A. Kharlampiev in his book titled «Sambo wrestling» published in 1964 writes that there were 160 techniques of fighting13. At the same time, this type of wrestling also applies to the techniques of the art of hand.
8. THE SECRET ART. The secret techniques of the Uzbek jang sanati that are known only to special masters, make up the secret art direction of the Uzbek jang sanati.
13 A.Xarlampiev “Borba sambo”. Moskva. “Fizkultura i sport”, 1964. S. -9
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THE MAIN IDEA BEHIND THE UZBEK JANG SANATI
The Uzbek jang sanati was born to physically and mentally develop our youth through martial arts inherited from the great ancestors, as well as to increase their interest in the history, culture, traditions of Uzbekistan, to raise the profile and respect for our homeland, people and state.
The Uzbek jang sanati consists of 5 directions:
1. Contest: this direction consists of performance of a set of exercises contest (sparring), and demo fights.
2. Health promotion: persons from between the ages of 7 to 70 can engage in this direction. All movements are performed easily. Fitness gymnastics is also available.
«Scene from “Assalom Tong” (Hello, Morning) republican-level competition»
3. The Art of Hand consists of techniques of hitting and hurting sensitive parts of the body with hands and fingers. It contains 3,500 defense and blow techniques.
4. The Temurids battle method includes exercises performed with sword, dagger, double stick and spear exercises combined with legs and arms blows.
5. The Uzbek jang sanati consists of battle techniques of throwing, tripping, bending, freeing oneself from grasp, blows with legs and hand.
Qualities of the Uzbek jang sanati:
1. Humility
2. Integrity
3. Patience
4. Self-control
5. Spiritual strength
1. Humility
A person engaged in the Uzbek martial art shall adhere to the following and control oneself:
a) avoid arrogance
b) overcome one’s shortcomings
c) be humble to others
d) always be on the side of humanity, nobility and purity
e) ensure respect in the relationships between teacher and student, elderly and youth
f) pay respect to traditions inherited from ancestors;
g) respect other people’s profession;
h) approach one’s work with responsibility sincerity.
2. Integrity
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In the Uzbek martial art the word «integrity» has a broad meaning. That is to say, a student (person) should be able to separate lie from truth, admit one’s mistake. There will be no integrity if:
a) a student wants to master the basics of the Uzbek martial art and improve one’s knowledge for evil purposes
b) in his soul a student is against his teacher and others
c) demands from his teacher a title which he doesn’t deserve
d) uses one’s knowledge for evil cause
e) doesn’t deliver on one’s promise
f) doesn’t accept others’ opinions.
3. Patience
Our ancestors had one saying: «A patient person who has endured trials shall certainly achieve one’s goals and an award shall be bestowed upon him.» A patient person shall find one’s happiness. Happiness shall be granted to a patient person. History tells us that a person shall achieve one’s goals only with hard work, diligence and patience.
«Opening of the Uzbek jang sanati sports exhibition corner at the Museum of Olympic Glory of the Republic of Uzbekistan»
One of the main achievements of the Uzbek jang sanati is overcoming all difficulties and obstacles. Only with hard work and patience one can achieve high results.
4. Self-control
Virtue is extremely important for a person engaged in the Uzbek jang sanati. Since an athlete must control not only one’s exterior, but interior world as well. This self-control is manifested in his participation in sports competitions, as well as his everyday life. The loss of self-control during competition can negatively impact an athlete, as well as his opponent.
An athlete’s inability to know one’s limits during his lifetime demonstrates his lack of self-control.
5. Spiritual strength
This virtue appears in a man in extreme unexpected dangerous situations A true student engaged in the Uzbek jang sanati shall always be humble and truthful. Whatever the situation is and no matter what forces are forces against him, such person shall fearlessly and without hesitation fight for the victory of justice and protection of truth.
«Snapshots from the signing ceremony of memorandums of cooperation with the Sports Unions of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Students’ Sports Association of Uzbekistan»
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1.6. Advantages of the Uzbek jang sanati
The Uzbek jang sanati is great for improving the combat readiness of military personnel and law enforcement officers. It educates our youth to be physically strong and loyal to their Motherland. In the future, it will serve as one of the main factors in training highly-skilled personnel for the Armed Forces and law enforcement agencies.
The Uzbek jang sanati employs back and legs for lifting and throwing the opponent. There are many types of tripping. There are other techniques such as tripping in and out with the legs, looping in and out, standing and sitting kicks, sitting back kicks and others.
The Uzbek jang sanati employs protection and blow at the same time. It enables the athlete to hit the opponent and defend oneself at the same time.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE UZBEK JANG SANATI AFTER INDEPENDENCE
Following Uzbekistan’s independence, fundamental changes took place in all fields, including sports. The Uzbek jang sanati has regained its status among many values of the Uzbek people, which were banned during the soviet era, namely Kurash and Navrus. The fact that the «Uzbek martial art» is a national sport inherited from our ancestors and reorganized as a modern form of Temurid martial art has been widely promoted to the public, and April 14, 2009 has been recorded in history as the day of registration of the Uzbek jang sanati federation with the Ministry of Justice of the Republic. The resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-259 «On measures for the promotion and development of ethno-sports» dated May 25, 2022 has further facilitated the development of the Uzbek jang sanati among other national sports.
The Uzbek jang sanati athletes demonstrated our national sport with their demo performances in Italy, Korea, Portugal, Croatia, Spain, France, USA, Turkey, Russia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev says: «It is necessary to create all conditions for young people to exercise physically and demonstrate their abilities in the field of sports.» Thus, sport is indeed a comprehensive and versatile process, not only a tool that leads an athlete to top results, but also a source of «sharing» health, spiritual nourishment, physical fitness and high mood for people of all ages.
The fact that various forms of martial arts are reflected in the miniature paintings created for the works of our great forefather Alisher Navoi, and the fact that such images are also present in the wall paintings belonging of archaeological monuments, indicates that the roots of the national martial art date back to centuries.
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Various activities related to the martial art are depicted in “Baburname”.
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Membership with the World Martial Arts Association (Wo MAU) in Chong-Ju, Korea, December 2009
«World Martial Arts Association Assembly, South Korea»
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Members of our national team secured good results at the «Zapad-Vostok» International Tournament as part of the Eastern Individual Wrestling Olympiad in 2012 in St. Petersburg, Russia.
In September 2012, members of the national team took part in the World Individual Wrestling Festival in Chong-Ju, Korea (Wo MAU), among more than 40 countries, and won a prize.
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In March 2013, our national team performed demo fights of the Uzbek jang sanati at the World Eastern Individual Wrestling and Martial Arts Festival in Paris, France.
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In August 2013, our national team participated in the International Festival in Orlando, USA.
On September 6-10, 2013, members of our youth national team participated in the World Individual Wrestling Festival in Chong-Ju, Korea (Wo MAU) among more than 38 countries and won 2nd and 3rd places.
In July 2014, representatives of the Uzbek jang sanati showcased demo fights at the exhibition in Almaty.
In 2015, the Uzbek jang sanati was showcased once again at the 30th World Eastern Individual Wrestling Festival in Paris, France. French filmmakers shot an educational film this year in English, French, and German. The film is currently available on AMAZONCOM.
On May 27 – June 1, 2015, a seminar and a master-class on the Uzbek jang sanati were held in Vladivostok, Russia.
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On August 30, 2015, the city of Chon-ju, Korea hosted the first-ever International tournament on the Uzbek martial art. Athletes from Uzbekistan, Russia, South Korea, Cambodia, India, and the Philippines participated in the international tournament. Uzbek athletes won 14 gold, 6 silver, 5 bronze medals — in total 25 medals.
On March 18-20, 2016, the Uzbek martial art was demonstrated in Caldas Da Rainha, Portugal.
On September 2-4, 2016, Uzbek athletes took part in the TAFISA Games in Vilnius, Lithuania.
In accordance with the decision of the meeting of the International Martial Art Association dated May 15, 2017, on June 15, 2017, the International Martial Art Association was established.
«The World Martial Arts Association Assembly. Republic of Uzbekistan, Fergana region»
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Usmanov Pulat Akramovich and his students have been instrumental in the worldwide recognition of the Uzbek jang sanati, its formation and development based the requirements of the new era. The Uzbek jang sanati has found its commendable place in the world of martial arts.
«Usmanov Pulat Akramovich — the founder of the Uzbek jang sanati «
Published books
“A meeting at the Ministry of Sports of the Republic of Uzbekistan
An MoU signing ceremony with the National Guard of the Republic of Uzbekistan
A snapshot from Temurids competition
A snapshot from the Championship of Uzbekistan
A snapshot from “Matonat” direction (For people with disabilities) contest